Diabetes How to Control and               Treat It

Diabetes is the condition in which the body does not properly process food and take in use of energy from food supplements. Most of the food we eat is turned into glucose, or sugar, for our body to use energy. The pancreas and the other organs that lay near the stomach makes a hormone called insulin to help glucose get into the cells of our bodies. When you have diabetes, your body either doesn't make enough insulin or can't use its own insulin as well it could have been. This causes the sugar to build up in your blood. That is why diabetes is known as the ''increment in the sugar level of the body" as to understand in a simpler way.

Symptoms of diabetes

• Frequent urination
• Excessive thirst
• Unexplained weight loss
• Extreme hunger
• Sudden vision changes
• Tingling or numbness in hands or feet
• Felling tired all the time
• Very dry skin
• More infections than usual

Types of Diabetes

Type 1 diabetes is usually diagnosed in children and young adults and only accounts to 5% to 10% of diabetes patients. In this type, the pancreas doesn't make any insulin at all

Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of the disease. It accounts for 90% to 95% of all the cases of diabetes. In this, either your bodies don't make enough of the insulin or the cells in the body ignore the insulin. So they can't utilize glucose liked they are supposed to. When your cells ignore insulin, it is often referred to insulin resistance. This type can cause problems for mother and babies and usually disappear when the pregnancy is over. Other types of diabetes resulting from specific genetic syndromes like surgery, drugs, malnutrition, and others illness factors contributing to 1% to 2 % of diabetes.

Causes of Diabetes

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disorder. It is believed that a combination of genetic predisposition and additional factors provoke the immune system into attacking and killing the insulin-producing cell in the pancreas.

Type 2 diabetes is mainly caused by insulin resistance. This means no matter how much or how little insulin is made, the body can't use it in suitable quantity. As a result, glucose can't be moved from the blood into the cells. The excess sugar in the blood gradually poisons the pancreas causing it to make less insulin and making it even more difficult to keep blood glucose under control.

Side effects to other parts

Diabetes is the major cause of heart disease, one of the leading cause of death in different countries too. It is also the biggest cause of blindness and kidney failure in adults. People with diabetes are observed with high blood pressure

Diagnosis

Diabetes can be diagnosed with simple blood tests. Diabetes may be diagnosed if the level of the sugar in your blood after 8 hours of fastening is 7.00 mmol/L or higher. If your fasting blood sugar is between 6.1 mmol/L and 6.9 mmol/L then you may have a condition known as impaired fasting glucose, which may further lead to diabetes.

How to treat diabetes?

There are several things you need to do to help control your diabetes. For type 1 diabetes, healthy eating, physical activity, and insulin injection are basic therapies. The amount of insulin should be balanced with the food intake and daily activities. The monitoring is done by the blood glucose levels and must be closer to blood glucose testing.

For type 2 diabetes, healthy eating, physical activity, and blood glucose testing are the basic therapies. In addition, many people with type 2 diabetes require oral medication, Insulin, or both to control their blood glucose levels. The sum of all can be said as inside the cells of the blood, your blood sugar levels will drop back to normal.

Controlling diabetes by therapies

There are a lot of management measures for diabetes control. It chiefly includes nutrition therapy, exercise therapy, oral anti-glycerin agent, Insulin treatment etc. Nutritional therapy is effective among these days for diabetes control. It includes:

• Fiber rich diet
• Restrict sodium intake
• Include whole grains and pulses
• For lunch and dinner, half of the plate to be filled with non-starchy vegetables.
• Protein rich diet should be encouraged

Lastly, to come up with diabetes field, one should regularly carry out regular exercises, strict drug regime, periodic screening etc, should be done to control diabetes if monitored and maintained in a very appropriate way, it could be effectively controlled.

Mehdi Kholti is a dedicated content writer who loves to write on the different topics

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